Sunday, December 24, 2023

【胡適談聖經翻譯】1937

 

【胡適談聖經翻譯】
  胡適是個無神論者,但他也是當時中國第二大的《聖經》收藏家。1937年3月17日在北平美華聖經會大樓舉行《聖經》展覽會,展出不同語言、方言、年代、版本的《聖經》,並由胡適演講「《聖經》與文學之關係」。胡適當天的演講從《聖經》翻譯出發,除略述《聖經》翻譯源流之外,更提出了對未來《聖經》翻譯的展望。
  1937年3月18日《華北日報》對此事有詳細的報導(因為報導版面過長,所以附圖版面有經過調整):
  由利瑪竇迄今三百年來,《聖經》展覽此尚為第一次,允足稱貴,蓋僅就收藏興趣一點言之,對此「天下奇書」之搜羅展覽,已足令人心快。惟「聖經與文學」一題,周作人先生曾於十四年前《小說日報》上著論發揮,既詳且盡,可以參看。今日祇略言其宗教經典之繙譯,對於中國之文學影響及本人對於《聖經》之數點希望而已。
  在我國歷史上大規模之從事繙譯外國文字,約有二次:二次且皆為受宗教信仰之啟發。一為第一至第十世紀之九百年來繙譯佛家書籍之努力,成書二千種,現仍為人諷誦者尚有《華嚴經》、《法華經》、《維摩詰》等二十餘種。其影響於中國文學者則(一)介紹國人創作上之新材料,新形式。(二)引起創作家之想像力,擴大文學描寫之範圍。此皆中國文學篇所缺乏者。第二次則為近世紀來之西洋書籍之大批繙譯,而此中最足稱述者為「《聖經》」之繙譯。其故亦有二。(一)因繙譯《聖經》者之具有宗教的虔誠嚴肅態度,忠實於繙譯,及《聖經》本身之優美故譯本成為一種「直譯的模範作品」(Model literal translation)簡明可愛,由以官話譯本中「〈福音〉」(Gospels)及「〈舊約〉」(Old Testment)中〈詩篇〉等部,堪稱為優美之文學作品,影響於中國創作家及譯著家者甚多。(二)則為中文聖經之於中國方言方面的供献。中國方言甚多,初無有文字之形式記載,有方言《聖經》之譒譯後,乃給中國多種方言以文學上之價值,對於研究語言學、語音學、民俗學上,有莫大之裨益。
三點希望:
  惟中文之譒譯聖經,尚有為能如吾人希望之極者,簡言之有三,亦即余對《聖經》譒譯之希望:(一)譯語尚未能完全近代化。蓋近年中國語言,變化甚速,而《聖經》譯語尚多守舊者,故仍須繼續新譯,以合時代。(二)宗教的守舊拘謹精神,致《聖經》尚未採用新式標點、排列、形式,以更發揮其文學的趣味。─Moulton之「《近代讀本的聖經》」則清新可喜─如〈雜歌〉、〈詩篇〉、〈箴言〉、〈約伯記〉,皆最美之文學,而未能以新形式體裁表達之。(三)將《聖經》作為文學看,注重「科學的《聖經》學」,提倡收藏、批評、校刊、訓詁,諸工作,並編著用作參考之辭典類書,以備閱者之方便檢閱。果能如此,則影響中國文學喚起更多讀者,必更廣大也云云。

Sunday, September 24, 2023

路加福音 8 16:18

 奧秘必要傳揚出去


沒有人點上燈,用器皿遮蓋住,或放在床底下的,而是放在燈台上,為叫進來的人看見光明。

因為沒有隱藏的事,不成為顯露的;沒有秘密的事,不被知道而公開出來的。

所以,你們應當留心要怎樣聽;因為凡有的,還要給他;凡沒有的,連他自以為有的,也要從他奪去。

(路加福音 第八章16-18)

Wednesday, September 20, 2023

 / Bertrand Russell /

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"There’s bible on that shelf there. I keep it next to Voltaire - poison and antidote."

.

Example of B. Russell's humor.

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"Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell was a Welsh polymath. As an academic, he worked in philosophy, mathematics, and logic. His work has had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science, and various areas of analytic philosophy, especially philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language, epistemology and metaphysics. He was a public intellectual, historian, social critic, political activist, and Nobel laureate. He was born in Monmouthshire into one of the most prominent aristocratic families in the United Kingdom. Russell was one of the early 20th century's most prominent logicians, and one of the founders of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British "revolt against idealism"."

W

.

Bertrand Russell, Kennet Harris Talking To: Bertrand Russell, 1971.

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Tuesday, September 19, 2023

 天主化工的偉大


亞肋路亞。在義人的集會和團聚中,我必要全心向上主讚頌。

上主的化工確實偉大,凡喜愛他的必須究察。

他的作為輝煌光明,他的正義永遠常存。

他使他的奇蹟不可遺忘,上主實在是慈愛而溫良。

他賜給敬畏他的人食物,且永遠懷念自己的盟約,

將他偉業的異能啟示給選民,把外邦人的產業賞賜給他們。

他手所行的是忠誠正義,他的一切規誡堅定不移,

為萬世萬代永遠立定,全是基於真理和公正。

他速來救贖他的百姓,永遠立定了他的約盟;他的名是神聖而可敬。

敬畏上主,是智慧的開始:實行敬畏的人,算有智慧;他的榮譽,必定存留永世。

(聖詠集 第111篇)

Saturday, September 16, 2023

Psalms 16:1B-2A AND 5, 7-8, 11 Response: You are my inheritance, O Lord

 Responsorial Psalm | Friday, Memorial of Our Lady of Sorrows | September 15, 2023  


Responsorial Psalm: Psalms 16:1B-2A AND 5, 7-8, 11


Response: You are my inheritance, O Lord

Wednesday, August 30, 2023

 寧願被智者訓斥,不要聽蠢漢唱歌。 

—「傳道書」7:5(馮象譯本) 


“It is better for a man to hear the rebuke of the wise, than to hear the song of fools.” —Ecclesiastes 7:5


圖片來源:Louise Delmotte/Bloomberg via Getty Images


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Saturday, July 15, 2023

『你應全心,全靈,全意,愛上主你的天主。』『你應當愛近人,如你自己。』

 


 『你應全心,全靈,全意,愛上主你的天主。』『你應當愛近人,如你自己。』

你要愛主你的上帝
以你的全心全靈全意……
你要愛鄰人如愛自己……


Gospel Reading | Friday of the Twentieth Week in Ordinary Time | August 25, 2023

Gospel Reading: Matthew 22:34-40
32『我是亞巴郎的天主,依撒格的天主及雅各伯的天主』的話嗎?他不是死人的,而是活人的天主。」
33民眾聽了,就都驚訝他的道理。
34法利塞人聽說耶穌使撒杜塞人閉口無言,就聚集在一起;
35他們中有一個法學士試探他,發問說:
36「師傅,法律中那條誡命是最大的?」
37耶穌對他說:「『你應全心,全靈,全意,愛上主你的天主。』
38這是最大也是第一條誡命。
39第二條與此相似:『你應當愛近人,如你自己。』
40全部法律和先知,都繫於這兩條誡命。」



王晃三說故事。趙民德《讀瑪竇福音 第六章》這一章的後一半就是詩。從《留情》到 《留神》:《訓道篇》/《傳道書》:Chapter 7

https://www.facebook.com/hanching.chung/videos/308940631522266



蔡登山、何國慶《留情》2023,pp.174~76

 有《傳道書》留言; 錄思高本

"天日"就是"太陽"......"產業"即家產


《留情》新書發表會有感!
昨晚(7月15日)周末,在紀州庵的一場新書發表暨簽書會,圓滿成功!除了我和董事長之外,我們邀請到清華大學講座教授楊儒賓先生來助陣。



訓道篇:Chapter 7

8事情的結局勝過事情的開端;居心寬容,勝過存心傲慢。
9你心裏不要輕易動怒,因為憤怒只停留在愚人胸中。
10你不要問:「為什麼昔日勝於今日?」因為這樣的詰問,不是出於智慧。
11智慧與家產都好,對看見天日的人都有益,
12因為受智慧的蔭庇與受金錢的蔭庇無異;但認識智慧的好處,是在於智慧賦與有智慧者生命。

Friday, July 14, 2023

趙民德讀《讀瑪竇福音 第六章》這一章的後一半就是詩。

 讀經有感及其它


《讀瑪竇福音第六章》這一章的後一半就是詩。

田地野草今還在,

投在爐中便成愁,

爾等不要憂慮說,

我們吃喝穿什麼。

這些都是外邦慾,

非是我等所尋求,

天父原知這一切,

思慮能加壽一肘?

一天苦夠一天受,

明天還有明天憂!


Yeedeh Loh(舍妹,台大歷史系,天主教教友,曾譯過《創世紀詮釋》(輔大神學叢書#137):


吳經熊的嗎?聽說他譯的聖詠全是詩體,我只看過幾篇,你有興趣的話不妨找一找。

他的兒子吳叔明是馬利諾修會神父,在山地傳教,有朋友跟他很熟,我見過兩次。幾年前已去世。


我回:

這是我

1. 先將思高版的這一章copy出來

2. 然後剔去多餘的字,

3. 再略加整理

4. 然後就完工了。


ps 你老哥的詩才,是自認為 “秀才有餘,舉人不足” 的。


忽然想到,《鹿鼎記》裡面,好像有吳經熊的名字。果然,我查到,吳經雄是吳三桂的兒子,被韋小寶敲出很多銀子。因三藩之亂,為“小玄子”所斬,並有詩為證:


清朝張茂稷《讀史偶感》:


「李陵心事久風塵,三十年來詎臥薪?復楚未能先覆楚,帝秦何必又亡秦。丹心早為紅顏改,青史難寬白髮人。永夜角聲應不寐,那堪思子又思親。」


這樣的七律,需要20年功力。比“沖冠一怒為紅顏”要好,想來金庸也沒讀過。

Saturday, July 8, 2023

週日讀 新約(聖保羅) 鏡子、愛;身體 弟兄們,行善總不可懈怠。2 Thessalonians 3:13


週日讀 (聖保羅)  鏡子、愛;身體 

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得撒洛尼後書:Chapter 3

Index

Previous得撒洛尼後書:Chapter 3 

1此外,弟兄們!請為我們祈禱,好叫主的聖道,也像在你們那裡一樣,順利展開,並得到光榮;
2也叫我們脫離壞人與惡人,因為不是人人都有信德。
3主是忠信的,他必堅固你們,保護你們免於凶惡。
4我們在主內信賴你們;你們既然現今實行了我們所吩咐的,將來也必實行。
5願主指引你們的心去愛天主,並學習基督的堅忍。
6弟兄們,我們還因我們的主耶穌基督的名,吩咐你們,要遠離一切游手好閒,或不按得自我們的傳授生活的弟兄。
7你們自己原來知道該怎樣效法我們,因為我們在你們中沒有閑散過,
8也沒有白吃過人的飯,而是黑夜白日辛苦勤勞地操作,免得加重你們任何人的負擔。
9這不是因為我們沒有權利,而是為以身作則,給你們立榜樣,叫你們效法我們;
10並且當我們在你們那裡的時候,早已吩咐過你們:誰若不願意工作,就不應當吃飯,
11因為我們聽說,你們中有些人游手好閒,什麼也不作,卻好管閑事。
12我們因主耶穌基督吩咐這樣的人,並勸勉他們安靜工作,吃自己的飯。
13至於你們,弟兄們,行善總不可懈怠。
14但是如果有人,不聽從我們書信上的話,應把這人記出,不要與他交際來往,好叫他慚愧;
15可是不要把他當仇敵看待,但要把他當弟兄規勸。
16願賜平安的主,親自時時處處賜給你們平安!願主與你們眾人同在!
17我保祿親筆問候,這是我每封信的記號;這是我的字體。
18願我們的主耶穌基督的恩寵與你們眾人同在!







13 But ye, brethren, be not weary in well doing.
14 And if any man obey not our word by this epistle, note that man, and have no company with him, that he may be ashamed.
15 Yet count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother.
16 Now the Lord of peace himself give you peace always by all means. The Lord be with you all.
17 The salutation of Paul with mine own hand, which is the token in every epistle: so I write.
18 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

Saturday, May 27, 2023

Psalm 104 詠104

 

15 wine that gladdens human hearts,
    oil to make their faces shine,
    and bread that sustains their hearts.

美酒,人飲了舒暢心神,
膏油,人用來塗面潤身,
麵餅,人吃了增強心神。
(詠104:15)

Psalm 104

Praise the Lord, my soul.

Lord my God, you are very great;
    you are clothed with splendor and majesty.

The Lord wraps himself in light as with a garment;
    he stretches out the heavens like a tent
    and lays the beams of his upper chambers on their waters.
He makes the clouds his chariot
    and rides on the wings of the wind.
He makes winds his messengers,[a]
    flames of fire his servants.

He set the earth on its foundations;
    it can never be moved.
You covered it with the watery depths as with a garment;
    the waters stood above the mountains.
But at your rebuke the waters fled,
    at the sound of your thunder they took to flight;
they flowed over the mountains,
    they went down into the valleys,
    to the place you assigned for them.
You set a boundary they cannot cross;
    never again will they cover the earth.

10 He makes springs pour water into the ravines;
    it flows between the mountains.
11 They give water to all the beasts of the field;
    the wild donkeys quench their thirst.
12 The birds of the sky nest by the waters;
    they sing among the branches.
13 He waters the mountains from his upper chambers;
    the land is satisfied by the fruit of his work.
14 He makes grass grow for the cattle,
    and plants for people to cultivate—
    bringing forth food from the earth:
15 wine that gladdens human hearts,
    oil to make their faces shine,
    and bread that sustains their hearts.
16 The trees of the Lord are well watered,
    the cedars of Lebanon that he planted.
17 There the birds make their nests;
    the stork has its home in the junipers.
18 The high mountains belong to the wild goats;
    the crags are a refuge for the hyrax.

19 He made the moon to mark the seasons,
    and the sun knows when to go down.
20 You bring darkness, it becomes night,
    and all the beasts of the forest prowl.
21 The lions roar for their prey
    and seek their food from God.
22 The sun rises, and they steal away;
    they return and lie down in their dens.
23 Then people go out to their work,
    to their labor until evening.

24 How many are your works, Lord!
    In wisdom you made them all;
    the earth is full of your creatures.
25 There is the sea, vast and spacious,
    teeming with creatures beyond number—
    living things both large and small.
26 There the ships go to and fro,
    and Leviathan, which you formed to frolic there.

27 All creatures look to you
    to give them their food at the proper time.
28 When you give it to them,
    they gather it up;
when you open your hand,
    they are satisfied with good things.
29 When you hide your face,
    they are terrified;
when you take away their breath,
    they die and return to the dust.
30 When you send your Spirit,
    they are created,
    and you renew the face of the ground.

31 May the glory of the Lord endure forever;
    may the Lord rejoice in his works—
32 he who looks at the earth, and it trembles,
    who touches the mountains, and they smoke.

33 I will sing to the Lord all my life;
    I will sing praise to my God as long as I live.
34 May my meditation be pleasing to him,
    as I rejoice in the Lord.
35 But may sinners vanish from the earth
    and the wicked be no more.

Praise the Lord, my soul.

Praise the Lord.[b]

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 104:4 Or angels
  2. Psalm 104:35 Hebrew Hallelu Yah; in the Septuagint this line stands at the beginning of Psalm 105.